What is TMG and Why is It Important?

TMG, or trimethylglycine, plays significant roles in the body, mainly through its involvement in the methylation process. As a naturally occurring amino acid derivative, TMG supplies three critical methyl groups essential for methylation, a process vital for cellular repair, detoxification, and genomic stability. This process supports functions such as mood regulation and DNA synthesis [1].

Though found in foods like wheat bran and beets, many choose a TMG supplement to ensure adequate intake. Such supplements are beneficial for maintaining healthy blood pressure and supporting cardiovascular health by influencing homocysteine levels [2].

Why take TMG with NMN

When you increase NAD+ levels through NMN supplementation, there can be an increased demand for methyl groups due to enhanced metabolic activities. Some of the metabolites involved in these processes, like nicotinamide, need to be methylated to be removed by the body. If methylation capacity is not supported, it can potentially lead to an imbalance or depletion of methyl groups. TMG helps replenish these methyl groups, thereby supporting balanced methylation. TMG can be considered an investment to ensure the NMN is created naturally in your body or maximised via supplementation. Professor David Sinclair has spoken on his view of TMG’s role in supporting an NMN protocol and why he takes it.

What Are the Benefits of Taking a Trimethylglycine Supplement?

TMG supplementation offers numerous health benefits. Notably, it supports healthy homocysteine metabolism and maintains levels within a normal range, thus promoting cardiovascular health [2]. TMG also enhances liver function by acting as a methyl donor in critical biochemical reactions, supporting detoxification and metabolic health.

Additionally, TMG supplementation is associated with increased energy production and improved mental clarity due to its role in the methylation of neurotransmitters [6].

How Does TMG Support Cardiovascular Health?

TMG offers valuable support for cardiovascular health through its role in converting homocysteine to methionine, an essential amino acid for protein synthesis and other significant molecules in the body. Elevated homocysteine levels have been linked to cardiovascular issues [3]. TMG helps lower these levels, thereby reducing the risk factors associated with cardiovascular health problems [4].

Studies have demonstrated that TMG can support a healthy cardiovascular function by maintaining healthy homocysteine levels [5].

Can TMG Improve Liver Function?

TMG benefits liver function through its role as a methyl donor in the detoxification process. This donation boosts the liver's ability to process and eliminate toxins, crucial for maintaining overall health [2].

Additionally, by reducing homocysteine levels, TMG lessens the liver's metabolic load, enhancing function and promoting better metabolic clearance of waste products [7].

How Does TMG Impact Energy and Mental Clarity?

TMG's impact on energy and mental clarity is significant, primarily through its enhancement of the methylation process, which supports neurotransmitter synthesis and cellular energy production. This can lead to improved mental focus and sustained energy levels [6].

What's the Difference Between TMG and Betaine?

Trimethylglycine and betaine are two names for the same compound, a naturally occurring nutrient derived from the amino acid glycine. TMG is often referred to as betaine because it was first discovered in sugar beets, scientifically known as Beta vulgaris. 

How to Take TMG Supplements: Recommended Dosage

Understanding the appropriate dosage is essential for effective TMG supplementation. While foods provide some betaine, supplements offer a concentrated form for specific health benefits. Research suggests dosages typically range from 500 mg to 2000 mg daily, adjusted to individual health needs [4].

Starting with a lower dosage and gradually increasing it under healthcare provider guidance is recommended. Monitoring blood levels ensures optimized homocysteine levels without adverse effects [7].

What Are the Potential Side Effects of TMG?

Understanding potential side effects is crucial when considering any supplement. TMG is generally well-tolerated, though digestive upset or nausea might occur for some individuals when taking very high doses. As with all supplements, consultation with a healthcare provider is advised, especially when used in combination with medications to avoid interactions.

References

1. Zhou et al., "Methylation in clinical diagnostics," Clin Epigenetics, 2016.
2. Olthof et al., "Effect of betaine on plasma homocysteine concentrations in healthy volunteers," Am J Clin Nutr, 2003.
3. Clarke et al., "Homocysteine and risk of ischemic heart disease and stroke," JAMA, 2002.
4. Steenge et al., "Homocysteine-lowering effect of oral betaine in healthy subjects: a randomized, placebo-controlled trial," Am J Clin Nutr, 2003.
5. Carmel et al., "Clinical and nutritional correlates of plasma homocysteine in stroke patients," Stroke, 2000.
6. Tammen et al., "Impact of dietary factors on the epigenome," Mutat Res Rev Mutat Res, 2013.
7. Olthof et al., "Dietary betaine and methionine: effects on plasma homocysteine concentrations in healthy adults," Atherosclerosis, 2005.